https://www.sci-projects.org/blog daily 1.0 2023-11-07 https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/acrylic-frame-for-visualisation-of-crystalline-structures-in-metals monthly 0.5 2021-03-27 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1615495399628-TJA1BIPHW1EB4IYLCI6N/CD2.jpeg Projects - Acrylic frame for visualisation of crystalline structures in metals After a bit of shaking, the structure has a lot less defects! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1615410322004-4HBTHB25X8XJY8M51924/Crystal+Display.jpeg Projects - Acrylic frame for visualisation of crystalline structures in metals https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1615495365546-RX3FOYWQ6F860I6MCVZK/CD1.jpeg Projects - Acrylic frame for visualisation of crystalline structures in metals The structure pre-shaking https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/analysing-the-grain-structure-of-a-tig-welded-billet monthly 0.5 2021-03-27 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616281091874-UW7QWI0300V9CZX883RP/weld.jpg Projects - Analysing the grain structure of a TIG-welded billet. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616279551684-HVVSFC5UM5DGP7MYAQ1U/widmann.jpeg Projects - Analysing the grain structure of a TIG-welded billet. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616281461818-IXBAXL9IF4JMV9UCRWZ1/base.jpg Projects - Analysing the grain structure of a TIG-welded billet. - This is the normal base material at 400x magnification. You can see many different grain sizes, with some grains being quite big. This material does not seem to contain much perlite (dark stripey pattern indicating high carbon content), so I’d guess it contains relatively little carbon. This is confirmed by the datasheet: 0.12% C https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616281748727-X4UCWBJYTHU5LIZWJUMD/normalized.jpg Projects - Analysing the grain structure of a TIG-welded billet. - This is the same material at the same magnifaction! The grain structure is a lot more uniform and contains much finer grains. This is the normalized zone, where the heat of the weld was high enough to normalize it, but not high enough to alter its structure in a more dramatic way. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616281999220-3BGT6CTAUNONGXO8RF7M/widmann.jpeg Projects - Analysing the grain structure of a TIG-welded billet. - This is the structure directly at the weld. This overheated structure contains spikey, almost dendrite-like structures, which indicate rapid heating and cooling, which is typical for welding. This structure is also called Widmannstätten-structure. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616280355126-5A25QJPZZVAGCQYJ8DF8/ocular.jpg Projects - Analysing the grain structure of a TIG-welded billet. I also added a potentiometer to be able to vary the intensity of the LED. https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/a-detailled-look-at-a-laser-diode monthly 0.5 2021-03-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616355732744-YIVDBFY5OL39N71AVYBS/laserdiode.jpg Projects - A close look at a 650nm laser diode https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616359845471-IP4UTDPF5U4B7H2SGBOY/laserzoomedout.jpeg Projects - A close look at a 650nm laser diode - Here’s the diode again, but zoomed out a bit. It’s already impossible to decipher the markings at this magnification. But it is easier to see the general build-context of the laser diode. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616359473323-45U56RV2U3J5X3EM4XQN/diodeitself.jpeg Projects - A close look at a 650nm laser diode - This is the diode itself. You can see the little wire which is bonded to the top electrode of the diode. In the background (out of focus) you can see the substrate it is mounted on. The most interesting part are the markings, though. I can’t really say what they mean, but its interesting that the manufacturer would include these, especially since it is absolutely impossible to see them with bare eyes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616359964545-SJSOFFAVGZI7JT0JWT0S/backdiode.jpeg Projects - A close look at a 650nm laser diode - Sadly, the monitor photodiode broke when I picked it off the base component, but here’s the main piece (It’s a wonder that I found this on my table since it is really small). I can’t say it for sure, but I’d guess that the grey part is the photo-diode and the golden part contains the rest of the APC. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616356163705-J0NX5QKD6OEW31I4OSGI/laser-components-laserdiode-rot-650-nm-7-mw-adl-65075ta4.jpg Projects - A close look at a 650nm laser diode - Laser Components Laserdiode Red 650 nm 7 mW ADL-65075TA4 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616358210237-AFL28AK3SMG2N2HJNZ4I/laserdiode.jpg Projects - A close look at a 650nm laser diode https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/making-real-rubies-at-home monthly 0.5 2021-03-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616922963194-VX5J81YBQ0VJO2FGVQ0G/farcloseup.jpeg Projects - Making real rubies at home! 400x magnification https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616922296671-Z4BE41ZFJQY4LSXA531M/glowing+rubies.jpg Projects - Making real rubies at home! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616922890035-DD5EL5JEMGEQLQBRRATZ/crystal.jpeg Projects - Making real rubies at home! This is 40x magnification https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616883365621-7G1BGZ8Y612RDJR1X0CE/finishedruby.jpeg Projects - Making real rubies at home! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616921641941-9LYIB61K1HDAJ1NIZC2D/rubysetup.png Projects - Making real rubies at home! Simple schematic of the process. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1616922930114-GTCHIZPOR3SSH65OZL8V/crystal+closeup.jpeg Projects - Making real rubies at home! 100x magnification https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/simple-full-wave-rectification-using-a-homemade-pcb monthly 0.5 2021-04-04 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1617566208657-TD9T1WNAN1YHW38J4GBV/Wave%2Brectification.jpg Projects - Simple full wave rectification using a homemade PCB https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1617570478074-J617S4VSEYUBSKWE6CGE/fin.jpeg Projects - Simple full wave rectification using a homemade PCB Blue line: Half wave rectification of one diode. Yellow line: Rectified output voltage. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1617568486503-P60CTKIUDGXLIZFLTIV1/waves.PNG Projects - Simple full wave rectification using a homemade PCB Ideal graphs of normal AC (blue) and rectified AC (green). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1617570073396-P8VPUI5UB0BRI13DD51N/Wave+rectification.jpg Projects - Simple full wave rectification using a homemade PCB https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1617567520237-KN57W4LA2HKNUGOV9MVG/diode-diode20.gif Projects - Simple full wave rectification using a homemade PCB Schematic, found here https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1617569889656-60OPY7N5IR4YDTUGQRA6/Before.jpeg Projects - Simple full wave rectification using a homemade PCB Without capacitor.. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1617569922258-RXARLNAUOC4UPHJWQQ34/After.jpeg Projects - Simple full wave rectification using a homemade PCB With capacitor! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1617570001539-RKUTVV5AP4ZMGPAW80N9/PCB.jpeg Projects - Simple full wave rectification using a homemade PCB https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/building-a-laser-galvo-scanner-from-sratch monthly 0.5 2021-05-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1620586348738-4HQXRLSK3FKRNHBQGGAE/optics.PNG Projects - Building a laser galvo scanner from scratch using stepper motors Kinematics model given by Meng et al. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1620586664455-UCOA8W5I7I0P844ALO6Z/electronics.png Projects - Building a laser galvo scanner from scratch using stepper motors Schematics of the system https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1620587551662-A7J9TIHMVX9GDHAM354F/code.PNG Projects - Building a laser galvo scanner from scratch using stepper motors General Structure of the Code. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1620580244032-4WELQCL0BX3L6RDOGVXV/GalvoCAD.PNG Projects - Building a laser galvo scanner from scratch using stepper motors https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1620588009028-UZO2S8H2JKG2AI3MLWR2/GalvoStepV0.jpeg Projects - Building a laser galvo scanner from scratch using stepper motors Finished machine and lasercut housing for the electronics https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/cw-diode-pumped-ruby-laser monthly 0.5 2022-02-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628095538585-1IRVWNJM6DE99GMA04TJ/3levelsystem.PNG Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders Schematic of a Three-Level-System. For ruby, the lifetime of E3 is about 1e-9s (1 ns), whilst E2 has a lifetime of 3.2ms, which is about 3 million times longer. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628183991845-8406FB8D0EC82EH5NGBN/Fluoreszenz.jpg Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders With the camera exposure turn way down, you can see the pump- and modal volume as one bright fluorescent track. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628183853153-8A35CA1M5OSQAFCHFU85/Laserbetrieb.jpg Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders An overview over the system. The spot created has a nice round shape. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628098947650-6L0C0OYBH80F2ZW2E6T5/Absorptionsspektrum+Rubin.PNG Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders Absorption spectrum of ruby (source DOI: 10.1109/TIM.2003.822010) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628183117073-P8P1YGG1HH0OCFNX9OFM/Gesamtaufbau.jpg Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628183899875-OH7159UTS4AMWMWRLJ4W/Laserbetrieb2.jpg Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders The ruby is fluorescing vividly under the 405nm pumplight. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628183956513-TO6PM5IFXSJSS81MZT51/Spot.jpg Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628093718426-K2YWNYO6HQEZXLL8WT0A/Laserbetrieb2.jpg Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628102620974-2UFSIKA0PRK77GQFP449/schema.PNG Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628183176599-JZW2L01O470Q1I2KIWXF/Detailaufnahme.jpg Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628184159652-UBCXO31FR08J5OKB7EMQ/volumes.PNG Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders This picture is from a previous setup but it clearly shows the bigger pumpvolume in the middle and the smaller modal volume above it. Aligning S2 would move the modal volume. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628186949085-5WACO8IIP6FXLUHGSJ4B/alignment.PNG Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1628179491620-WHW9TY6UIEEAW8YE1T00/stability.PNG Projects - Continuos wave diode pumped ruby laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/simple-532nm-dpss-laser monthly 0.5 2021-09-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1633007586840-EG0BGORGR031H905GPST/Laser_offen.jpeg Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders This is the whole module assembled and ready to be closed up. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1632994785347-MJ2TQYAQLCFAE4N9PBKR/NDYVO4+absorption.png Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Absorption and emission spectrum of Nd:YVO4, by Optogama https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1633006473101-RKRS30WWGNTMKZO86FHM/Lasermodul.jpeg Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Picture of the module without the protective case. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1633004437378-9WZ46ZIANI072PIKLVMW/composite+crystal.PNG Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Details about the used crystal. It is very small and fiddly to work with https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1633007395743-GG4HZ9XW80LXB1GRAFYB/Auskoppel.jpeg Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1633007567688-9LIEKKOSIFEM4JLKTJ9J/Anschluss.jpeg Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1633006389283-HGHFMYJIGLYTSCIWRYKB/Betrieb.jpeg Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1633005643935-L9RKQH0OATGT30CWKSDD/schema.PNG Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1633007686517-5TJG7P0P2XF6X9PFH9W2/Kristall.jpeg Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1632998360009-FQ8C1ACYEKZ3311TBY3M/intracavity+doubling.PNG Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1633007065847-2PHJTXN05BGJMYCXRM9H/TEM10.jpeg Projects - Simple 532nm DPSS Laser - Mach es besonders Due to a misalignment in the prototype, it created a beam with a split shape: A TEM10 mode. https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/diode-pumped-prylf-laser-emitting-at-640-604-and-523nm monthly 0.5 2022-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645049760166-WQAJVBGSWRNJ8VIHJSJH/Resonator.PNG Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645104182302-AI76HJ1YCG6WRAU2XXY7/truss_dold_mechatronik.jpg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Shaft holder truss by [Dold Mechatronik] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645130194223-U5K5HBO18IJKDT2V9VEJ/prylf532dichro2.jpeg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Again, the intensity inside the resonator is very high. The additional element in the optical train (referring to the beamsplitter) does make the beam profile a bit inhomogenous, but as you can see, the core “dot” of the output is round. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645130129675-0D10DSY2XKVPQ3EBUVNB/Beam604nm.jpeg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Here’s a close look at the beam. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645106594354-BX3G148JURU13LRGFXRB/RedPrylf2cropped.jpg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645107651230-F5H10N5BXC0IZD2HOYN1/Display.jpeg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645126621542-N8IZFTB2RN4Q9ID53PIA/Mode1.jpg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders When the mirrors are almost (but not quite) perfectly aligned, the beam is not circular but assumes a more interesting shape, a higher order TEM mode. This is a very clear example of one of those shapes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645103130531-1EV0EFOWYFF3TSQ2VTDO/Modul.jpg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Picture of the finished module made from aluminium and brass parts https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645130353463-KKS18Q6LNV7IRTC6CR6R/PrYlf523_withcrystal.jpeg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders A beautiful shot of the green intracavity beam emitted from the fiercely fluorescing crystal. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645129684074-XHNYE8Y9DGJBENK0QAHC/523nm+setup.PNG Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders This setup utilizes the fact that the plane HR mirror I had originally bought for 523nm has about 0.5% transmission @523nm and can therefore be used has an output coupler. The concave mirror acts as the HR. Since the laser output now emits into the direction of the pump module, it is selectively reflected using a beamsplitter. Using an edge filter to filter out the few percent of the pumplight yields quite a strong green beam. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1644664317967-7NFOTKO4KRAG9JRMFR9N/EmissionAbsorption.PNG Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Absorption and emission spectrum of a-cut Pr:Ylf with doping concentration of 1 at.% [OPTOGAMA] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645128690907-296A31DM3AUCK1B588Z9/Intracavity604nm.jpeg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Apart from some inconsistencies in the beam probably due to imperfect cleaning of the optical elements, the spot is very round. Similarly to the setup above, the intracavity beam is clearly visible. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645128867114-MZVJULFHR3IKY24FBJMP/Module604nm.jpeg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Here’s another picture of the setup as a whole. Here you can also see the waterpumps, the arduino and a whole lot of wires. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1644663202246-QP94RW98C6FGRC392EZ4/RedPrylf2.jpg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645114798517-MU9PIUKKRTIGGNKZ0O69/RedPrylf1.jpeg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders 640nm laser action. The intensity inside the resonator is so high that the beam is visible without any smoke in the room. Here, the beam has more or less in a round shape, it operates in a TEM00 mode. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645127886584-JEW8V0UH9KKHEWO1U06Z/Mode2.jpg Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders This is another example for a very interesting TEM mode. The mode is not fully visible due to the aperture of the output window. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645128643604-14A6Y9J5N3Z4GVSEIS4O/mirror.PNG Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Note that for the 607nm mirror, the spots were also visible on the wall behind the mirror which made alignment a lot easier. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1645102848481-4WYLXHRUUTDXHAZBO4DF/Diode+mount.PNG Projects - Diode pumped Pr:Ylf-Laser emitting at 640, 607 and 523nm. - Mach es besonders Sectional view of the CAD Model https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/how-to-align-a-pulsed-laser monthly 0.5 2022-03-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1647874524583-HJVGFF4DAP7K2C3Z6ZYK/Sideview.PNG Projects - How to align plane-plane resonators for pulsed lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1647876896496-75N57V7WM7SKZZCT4OUB/Topview_aligned.PNG Projects - How to align plane-plane resonators for pulsed lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1647874494099-AKJIMJ5W1UO67FC11WH4/Topview_notaligned.PNG Projects - How to align plane-plane resonators for pulsed lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1647871961659-BRJUQC9HE9C1ZVE9AMAO/Modevolume.PNG Projects - How to align plane-plane resonators for pulsed lasers - Mach es besonders Note that the latter two resonator types can (depending on the resonator length and mirror curvatures) be un-/metastable as well. However, this property is inherent only for the plane-plane resonator. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1647859756412-4J7WL0B1PA4793GS3M6W/laser.jpg Projects - How to align plane-plane resonators for pulsed lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/powerful-uv-n2-terp-laser-for-pumping-dye-lasers monthly 0.5 2022-06-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1656258489428-WA0859DZEHPUYSKCILE9/RhodaminB.jpeg Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1656245686507-YRATP6TT42O98PI68BPY/levels.PNG Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1656258005233-HSGTD7UIMJ7VDH9T42VF/Firing2.jpeg Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1656257208688-Z1OI0Y3TU8KGIZVQ3192/schematic.PNG Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1652539761611-ZXEWC2J3DAN288YXLRKX/Firing2.jpeg Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1656250967523-9JC634SQLT5G4UHRI9U4/schemeit-Projekt.png Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1656255933005-V8R2AVLVK3LBIKIHD1HO/Back.jpeg Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1656257189755-OF2N728KBYPSMGG0U84J/Mockup1.PNG Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1656244516052-LAHC0BLQWNO5XNE8BJCF/eq1.gif Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1656257390269-KFQD2N3J2QZUA7RTMIFM/Firing.jpeg Projects - Powerful UV nitrogen laser for pumping dye lasers - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/high-power-pulsed-ndyag-laser monthly 0.5 2022-10-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664634241720-HIOF6JMV1FFAZHR85M5E/Hole.jpeg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664634242368-DLF64QM7LGMZPF9JG7YH/Hole_Microscope.jpeg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664642291026-DWVSMWRMILIIGG2KDGLM/Qswitch.PNG Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1662814494724-21AFT3ZNTCA48G2JOGC7/spark3.PNG Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664631411405-41BDQ6BMZTKRSGJJOIS9/20220331_213422.jpg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664631410496-L5133K01BQXGOAELHLXH/20220331_213514.jpg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1662824778258-5LRZKSJQU765DIN8JP37/4level.PNG Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664636061192-EYIHJ0R72WPM0NPR4H8P/glass.jpeg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664804670781-EYWIIUH2FRVADESFIH50/Flashlamp2.jpeg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664635169817-EQ69KO52TLZVOXT5O8LG/sparks.PNG Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664635176370-BSUQZGD4DI5YHT4SOVTD/sparks2.PNG Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664633606561-YGHGQBJI9HXLS8LGLVCK/spark3.PNG Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Test shot at a razorblade https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664033464751-SQ81L3J46AQB273PP3NE/Core+setup.jpeg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Experimental setup of the cavity. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664296199115-LUDVU0QTDV9Q784394O6/FormulaInductor.PNG Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664035928292-LKC5CX02DSRZTUQ7Q4P9/flashlamp.PNG Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664803471191-JR5WHS3AJ1BYRCXQ3FQ4/NdYAG.png Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664740135589-MA32Z571FBQ295AJT539/breakdown.jpg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664740010494-ZBN9D097P89ZGEWOEN93/air%2Bbreakdown%2B.jpg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664740102055-3C4PV29T6MQYZNIRPF76/Air%2Bbreakdown1.jpg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/1664740149281-1C8G5ATPNYG0D25GOGTY/Breakdown3.jpg Projects - High power pulsed Nd:YAG Laser: Design and Experiments https://www.sci-projects.org/blog/understanding-second-harmonic-generation-an-intuitive-introduction monthly 0.5 2023-11-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/80abeab4-7ff2-4fa3-ad40-0d95076abae5/image049.png Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/43b99fca-3dcf-4602-a03c-6328e9689966/image027.png Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/102b0549-e0ef-484e-b9be-e97a2ba3d6e5/eq1.PNG Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/25a5e59b-e113-4cb2-96fb-2a451372f3b2/image055.png Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - This is illustrated in the picture to the left: The incoming electric wave E (a) induces a polarization P (b) that is not just a linearly scaled version of E (c), but contains also a wave of double the frequency (d) and a static part (e). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/140dbc4e-68de-4101-8c9a-c435ec2265d0/image041.png Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/339678ad-7ea9-4d9c-a1bc-80341b3159e7/dirs.PNG Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/ca0cd6c1-87ca-46f9-921d-2fa0ca8f7877/Unbenannt.jpg Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/3782580c-c21c-4eee-92d3-f519605fa8f9/image035.png Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/8a7f5932-65ca-44d2-8d15-b85d68cf621d/ellipsoid1.PNG Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/4eabaf1e-e8f1-4f05-840b-ba69830f4323/image022.png Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/3942e6e0-cc0a-44bf-8900-c5606b7a97b2/crit.PNG Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/37e2d7ba-189d-413e-8ba4-3e4b84577a24/image013.png Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/b4b351f1-3db0-4b35-8315-bb588a72bff4/image069.png Projects - Understanding Second Harmonic Generation: An intuitive introduction - Mach es besonders Was auch immer es ist – die Art und Weise, wie du deine Geschichte online vermittelst, kann einen gewaltigen Unterschied ausmachen. https://www.sci-projects.org/about daily 0.75 2021-03-20 https://www.sci-projects.org/project-pictures daily 0.75 2023-01-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/90e7a794-86ff-443c-b679-1c2802d8e026/DPSS+PrYlf.jpg Project Pictures Mid-build picture of the Pr:YLF laser module. The pump diode is clearly visible. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/0bdad1d9-36cd-4f4a-aeb3-713eb3f34491/607nm+TEM13+mode.jpg Project Pictures Very clean TEM (2,1) mode from a Pr:YLF laser. Wavelength is 607nm. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/05ba9b4e-ced3-481b-9c0d-bef4ea5867d5/PrYlf+green.jpg Project Pictures Setup for the Pr:YLF laser to emit green light. Uses a dichroic mirror to pass the pump beam and couple the beam out of the setup. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/0715a9d4-5989-4425-a79a-403dedb38b91/Prylf+orange.jpg Project Pictures Pr:YLF laser emitting an orange (607nm) laser beam. Really beautiful color! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/e08e4b83-6641-475c-93b9-99e7e4a7c4bb/PrYlf+multimode.jpg Project Pictures Pr:YLF laser emitting a multi-mode 640nm beam. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/9082f81a-dd1f-414d-96dc-1f6d7649586c/PrYlf+TEM05.jpg Project Pictures Beamshot of the Pr:YLF laser emitting a beautifully clean TEM(4,0) mode. You can also see the speckle in the beam that is typical for lasers. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/2dede197-53cf-4ad4-bb02-af12d9a4d456/PrYlf+TEM11+0.jpg Project Pictures Beamshot of the Pr:YLF laser emitting a beautifully clean TEM(10,0) mode, even though some of the mode is cut off by the output aperture. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/cbb8bdff-993a-436e-aa46-2de0b84064e2/doughnut+mode.jpg Project Pictures Beamshot of the Pr:YLF laser, emitting in a doughnut mode. Adjusting the mirrors just slightly away from this point results in either a TEM(0,0) or TEM(0,1) mode. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/e9ecfbe0-059d-44dd-8554-a0dc97ce0252/Pumped+TiSa.jpg Project Pictures Big Ti:Sa crystal being pumped by a green laser beam. You can clearly see the fluorescing stripe inside of the crystal. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/482dd174-75d1-4888-874e-69ac7a9c05b2/Absorptionmeasurement.jpg Project Pictures Absorption measurement of a Ti:Sa crystal for 520 nm using a homemade measuring head. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/2045abbf-77b8-4677-802d-dc5cafa8197b/DPSS+TiSa+.jpg Project Pictures Ti:Sa crystal being pumped by the focussed beam of a frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/476c196c-6287-47dc-a872-8f7d6da18a26/TiSa+crystal.jpg Project Pictures Close up of a small brewster cut Ti:Sa crystal I got from Optogama for a very good price. I am currently working on a DPSS Ti:Sa laser. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/6b9d977b-e9b9-42a0-9f85-632f785d7d77/Pump+module+optics.jpg Project Pictures Optics setup for a laser module meant to pump a Ti:Sa laser. Two 465nm FAC 4W diodes and a 1.5W green diode are shaped and combined into one beam. The optics are from Live Lasersystems. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/171e8a99-d83f-405e-87b9-91fe7004abd6/UV+curing.jpg Project Pictures The optics for the pump module are glued into placed using some UV-curing glue I got from Live Lasersystems. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/43df5660-91e8-4ca3-b102-f9d580b8f033/Coumarin_1.jpeg Project Pictures Cuvette of Coumarin-1 dissolved in Ethanol lasing under N2-Laser pumping. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/d5ab0005-536f-4be3-bb08-e43026cad63a/Pump+module2.jpg Project Pictures Shaping and combination of three laser diodes into one powerful beam. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/691e810e-0827-403e-8837-3fb9a17953c7/Pump+moudle.jpg Project Pictures Full setup of the laser module meant for pumping a Ti:Sa laser. It is fully PID-TEC-cooled with a big heatsink and emits about 8 W of collimated laser power. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/e031490c-6128-46f2-aaad-a0cb2ce555fb/Pump+beam.jpg Project Pictures Pump beam for the TiSa-laser being focussed into the air. It is so powerful that it is visible in the air by rayleigh scattering. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/12a9422c-75cb-4a59-8079-ff840b7a1dc1/Axle.jpg Project Pictures 3D-printed back axle for a 4 wheel drive spring suspended RC car. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/4d5bda2b-c364-42f0-b45a-e87ccc1b2b6e/Diamond+Lattice.jpg Project Pictures SLA-printed diamond lattice of carbon atoms (to scale). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/2d9b5f20-40a5-49c7-8b31-70e09d70ab42/Diamond+lattice2.jpg Project Pictures SLA-printed diamond lattice of carbon atoms (to scale). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/151d5624-23a1-4099-80ab-8fc256b52e15/Dichroic+Cube.jpg Project Pictures Dichroic cube splitting white light into red, green and blue components. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/589e17b2-30ee-4545-b76b-39eff9779b78/N2Laser.jpg Project Pictures Transversely excited (at atmospheric pressures) nitrogen UV laser. Uses plain air as the lasing medium, doesn't need resonator mirrors. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/9ab46a0d-f2c7-46b6-9920-81959ffcea87/N2+New.jpg Project Pictures Transversely excited (at reduced pressures) nitrogen UV laser emitting 337nm light which excited the dye inside printer paper. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/760f5cf6-14a1-4a47-8f87-14af8049d170/Rhodamin6G.jpeg Project Pictures Cuvette of Rhodamine-6G dissolved in Ethanol lasing under N2-Laser pumping. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/50cf2ebf-4e6e-4d3e-b0f6-5653b1a7cf80/Fluorescein.jpeg Project Pictures Cuvette of Fluoresceine dissolved in Ethanol lasing under N2-Laser pumping. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/501e451e-661d-4491-bda7-98d2ab288652/RhodaminB.jpeg Project Pictures Cuvette of Rhodamine-B dissolved in Ethanol lasing under N2-Laser pumping. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/253be1d5-0632-4442-9d16-be5c39c7e07b/Fluoresceine+Blacklight.jpg Project Pictures Cuvette of Fluoresceine dissolved in Ethanol fluorescing under a blacklight. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/88d3b4c1-fe52-4295-b891-a8044aeb24b9/VFold+DPSS.jpg Project Pictures Setup for a diode pumped intracavity doubled Nd:YAG Laser (folded resonator). Didn't put out as much power as the concentric setup so I didn't use this design in the end. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/ff50d178-10e5-446b-a5b4-68126080272b/2mirror+NDYAG.jpg Project Pictures Setup for a diode pumped intracavity doubled Nd:YAG Laser (concentric resonator). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/abdfcee8-61ff-4176-a2b9-b7b6f3d253ec/DPSS+Beamshot.jpg Project Pictures Beamshot of the DPSS intracavity doubled Nd:YAG laser. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/c6896b8c-af7b-4300-97bd-5b606f44d8dd/DPSS+programming.jpg Project Pictures Setup for measuring the PWM frequency of the Arduino controlling the TEC-driver of the DPSS Nd:YAG laser. Had to change the timer bits to make it around 20 kHz. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/887d800c-4a7c-41e2-8c9e-5916a3291d31/Thermal+Resistance.jpg Project Pictures Setup for measuring the thermal resistance of the heatsink of a DPSS Nd:YAG laser using a high power resistor and a thermocouple. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/3c9bbc1b-6b29-4f64-b7df-e6955445aad9/DIY+ruby.jpg Project Pictures Ruby laser rod cut and polished by me (right) and professionally (left) for DPSS lasers. Right one unfortunately doesn't work, a coating or brewster cutting should do the trick though. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/0b112220-323a-413e-bccb-bcbe25a1cd77/Ruby+pump.jpg Project Pictures Pump beam spot (bottom) and mode volume spot (top) inside a short ruby laser crystal. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/51fa5b14-9035-4173-9f43-e4fc1833b597/Ruby+beam.jpg Project Pictures Close-up of a small ruby laser crystal being pumped by a 405nm laser diode. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/8575ae1b-139d-45da-ae5a-9f990ebe9c01/Ruby+laser+on.jpg Project Pictures Fully working laser setup for a DPSS ruby laser pumped by 405nm. This laser emits a beautiful deep red a 694nm. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/4fbd817c-3a61-4dea-a5b1-0069ec5d14cd/Galvo+Engraver.jpg Project Pictures DIY Galvo engraver using a 5W 450nm laser module and stepper motors. Works generally, but correcting the beam to get a tight focus was difficult. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/43820c4c-302e-46a7-8998-b1787b4c4437/Galvo+Engrave.jpg Project Pictures DIY Galvo engraver using a 5W 450nm laser module and stepper motors whilst engraving. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/aa4ccf01-5f29-48f9-a9cc-a611e74b5e24/Galvo_Head.jpg Project Pictures Head of the DIY Galvo engraver. The beam is corrected by a pair of anamorphic prisms, focussed by a f250mm lens and directed by two mirrors connected to stepper motors. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/a5b3c884-ed0a-4e65-97fc-764ba46bd0ab/Laser+cutout.jpg Project Pictures A wooden enclosure cut on the homemade 40W CO2 laser. Works just fine on 4mm poplar plywood. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/aecbfd4f-0739-456f-b0ae-78e990a278a0/Laser+diode+closeup.jpg Project Pictures Close-up on a 7mW 650nm laser diode. You can clearly see the diode chip! Click on the picture to see more. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/d04b09e8-1941-4dea-a53c-b8a706e58354/Engraving.jpg Project Pictures Found out that engraving on anodised aluminium is possible even with a relatively low power (40 W) CO2 laser. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/d48753d5-c1fa-4093-9193-2aca96899269/Fiber+coupling+diode.jpg Project Pictures Small test setup for fiber coupling a red laser diode. Works, but the coupling efficiency is not great, probably need a shorter focal length lens. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/6e27a86a-3103-4c93-8d79-85099ec2a8da/Laserpointer.jpg Project Pictures Shining a laser pointer on a diffraction grating results in this picture. It clearly shows the monochromacy of laserlight. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/c01a9de5-65d6-4a5c-aff4-2ed732a6136f/pointer.jpg Project Pictures Spectral shape of a red laserpointer. Click on the picture to go to the GitHub-page of the program author, Les Wright https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/0e93744f-a371-4987-a2bd-863756b605ea/White+light.jpg Project Pictures White light when looked at through a spectroscope. The diffraction grating inside the spectroscope splits the white light into all of its components. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/beca128d-f2fb-4cc7-9390-89220b1dacd8/Spectrometer.jpg Project Pictures Homemade spectrometer based on a raspberry pi, a USB camera and a spectroscope. The software is from Les Wright. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/c7f5bfad-03e7-4264-88ad-8649164bd742/Flashlamp+triggering.jpg Project Pictures Xenon flashlamp being triggered by high voltage but no storage capacitor attached. Very interesting to look at! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/33d16269-dfa5-4b62-b417-dde1a6d8a74a/LPM+diode.jpg Project Pictures Laser power measuring head consisting of a photodiode and a neutral density filter for measuring higher power lasers. With the corresponding device, sub-mW lasers can be registered consistently but calibrating is an issue. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/a99754ac-3bcf-4ccd-9c57-a7511dbc2362/LPM+diode+device.jpg Project Pictures Homemade device for amplifying and evaluating a photodiode signal for laser power measurements. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/5fa5ad2d-6fbb-4993-ac0e-01ecdbc3fe40/LPM+head.jpg Project Pictures Massive aluminium heatsink for a TEC-based thermal laser power measuring device. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/4382c139-4e89-4d18-80d6-2ef9547e0e07/TEC+LPM.jpg Project Pictures Laser power measurement by using a TEC. One side (covered with black soot) absorbs the beam, heats up and the resulting voltage is measured by an op amp and supporting electronics. Capable of measuring of powers as low as single Milliwatts. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/bafcd3d3-9336-4a78-851f-2a56443699ef/NdYag+hole.jpg Project Pictures Close-up of a hole the pulsed Nd:YAG laser punched into a razorblade. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/cbeebac3-5967-46be-927a-921fb7757c2f/NdYag.jpg Project Pictures High power pulsed Nd:YAG laser pumped by two xenon flashlamps. The capacitors are charged up to over 300J of energy. Punches through multiple razorblades without issue. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/48b5f16a-952d-47bf-a20f-35db7d710c5b/Prototype+NdYag.jpg Project Pictures Prototype of the dual flashlamp pumped high power Nd:YAG laser. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/45b14d7d-b9be-4897-84a8-9a10cc139d58/RC+car.jpg Project Pictures Final version of a homemade RC car with 4 wheel drive and suspension. Pretty fast! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/7e9faa73-28ba-4cbd-9f3d-371a55aa9b20/SLA+Lithography.jpg Project Pictures Lithopanes may work well with FDM, but SLA really brings out some great details! These picures are made just by thickness variations of the material. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/5a8713f3-6291-410d-930d-979a294f3311/spindle+closeup.jpg Project Pictures Close-up of the spindle of my homemade CNC-router which I use to make the aluminium parts for my laser setups. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/148a8a38-d4ad-4a46-95ce-a99771b33a1d/CNC.jpg Project Pictures My homemade CNC-router. I went through many design iterations to get it to be fully reliable, but it is there now. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/04a5b9c6-3df7-4db9-8e72-3901aac5dea3/Timer+PCB.jpg Project Pictures Home made circuit board for creating an exact 1Hz square signal. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60491c4193253942bfdad3c6/20b2aec8-ab7f-4bb8-972b-def0d4e7bcfa/Ruby+poly.jpg Project Pictures Melting aluminium oxide crystals and chromium oxide together using an arc welder results in polycrystalline rubies. This is a thin slice of one under a microscope.